Since independence, human development has been central to Tanzania’s development process. The late Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, Tanzania’s first President, identified poverty, ignorance and disease as the main development challenges facing Tanzania. He understood development as a process of removing various ‘un-freedoms’ and argued that freedom and development are intimately and intricately linked. Fundamentally, Nyerere and Amartya Sen agreed that development should be people-centered and enhance the capabilities of people to live long and fulfilled lives through improved health, education, living standards and livelihoods.